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Initial evidence of presence of papillary muscle diffuse fibrosis in patients with cardiomyopathy
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 17, Article number: P284 (2015)
Background
The left ventricular (LV) papillary muscles (PM) are important structure for mitral valve complex. Previous studies by echocardiography demonstrated that PM function was impaired in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Native T1 mapping has emerged as a noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging method to assess LV diffuse myocardial fibrosis without using contrast agent. The aims of this study were to evaluate feasibility and reproducibility of PM native T1 measurement, and to compare PM T1 times between cardiomyopathy patients and controls subjects.
Methods
Seventeen cardiomyopathy patients (11 HCM; 6 DCM, age: 57 ± 15 years) and 16 control subjects (age: 50 ± 15 years) were enrolled. Native T1 mapping images were acquired with MOLLI (Messroghli DR et al. MRM 2004) sequence in 3 short-axis planes (basal, mid and apical slices) using an ECG-triggered single-shot acquisition with a balanced SSFP readout (TR, 3.1; TE, 1.5; FA, 35°; FOV, 360 × 337 mm2; acquisition matrix, 188 × 135; voxel size, 1.9 × 2.5 mm2; slice thickness, 8 mm). All data were corrected for motion (Roujol S et al. MRM 2014). Measurement of PM T1 was performed both in anterior PM and posterior PM in all subjects. Intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility was assessed by 2 readers in 20 PMs from 10 control subjects. Repeatability coefficients were calculated as 1.96 times the standard deviation of the differences on the Bland-Altman plots.
Results
Intra- and inter- observer reproducibility of PM native T1 measurement was high. Repeatability coefficient of 10.2 msec, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99 -1.00, p<0.05) and coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.36% for intra-observer reproducibility. Repeatability coefficient of 15.4 msec, ICC of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.99 -1.00, p<0.05), CV of 0.63% for inter-observer reproducibility. Comparing cardiomyopathy patients and control subjects, significant difference was found both in anterior PM T1 value (1102 ± 43 msec vs 1102 ± 90 msec, p=0.003) and posterior PM T1 value (1100 ± 69 msec vs 1010 ± 69 msec, p=0.002).
Conclusions
Measurement of PM native T1 is feasible and reproducible. This MR approach successfully detected abnormal PM T1 value in cardiomyopathy patients, and could provide new insight into possible pathophysiological mechanism of PM dysfunction in various cardiovascular diseases.
Funding
Shingo Kato, MD receives scholarship from Banyu Life Science Foundation International.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Kato, S., Roujol, S., Jang, J. et al. Initial evidence of presence of papillary muscle diffuse fibrosis in patients with cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 17 (Suppl 1), P284 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-P284
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-P284